Saturday, August 21, 2010
Gulf Oil May Not Degrade for DECADES
As you might have heard, scientists are finding gigantic under oil plumes from the BP spill, including one that is more than 22 miles long, more than a mile wide and 650 feet deep.
On Thursday, Dr. Ian MacDonald and and Dr. Lisa Suatoni testified to a Congressional subcommittee that the oil will stay toxic, and will not degrade much further, for decades. MacDonald is an expert in deep-ocean extreme communities including natural hydrocarbon seeps, gas hydrates, and mud volcano systems, a former long-time NOAA scientist, and a professor of Biological Oceanography at Florida State University. Suatoni has a PhD in Ecology and Evolutionary Biology from Yale, and is Senior Scientist at the Natural Resources Defense Council's Oceans Program.
Dr. MacDonald told Congress that the oil has already degraded, emulsified and evaporated about as much as its going to, and it is going to very resistant for further biodegradation. The oil will be in the environment for a long-time, he said, and the imprint of the BP discharge will be detectable "for the rest of my life" (he's 58, and the average lifespan for American men is about 76; so that's some 18 years).
Dr. Suatoni told Congress that oil which goes into low-oxygen zones will remain in a full toxic form for decades.
Why isn't the oil degrading faster?
As National Georgraphic noted Thursday:Indeed, one of the world's leading experts on oil-eating bacteria told me yesterday that the main oil-eaters aren't even present in the underwater plumes he sampled.The oil plume's stability is "a little unexpected," study leader Richard Camilli, of WHOI's Applied Ocean Physics and Engineering Department, said at a Thursday press briefing in Washington, D.C.
"We don't have any clear indication as to why it set up at that depth."
It's unclear why the Gulf's microbes aren't eating the oil plume, but the organisms are infamous for being unpredictable, said study co-author Christopher Reddy, a marine chemist at WHOI.
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Further studies are needed to figure out why the plume isn't degrading, Reddy said during the press briefing ....
Update: The News Observer reports:
Oil floating underwater, beyond the reach of cleanup efforts and not exposed to sun, wind and wave action, could be an ongoing plague. Regarding a realistic time frame for a true cleanup, oceanographer Hans Graber of the University of Miami [who is also Chairman of the Rosenstiel School’s Division of Applied Marine Physics] says that even after all the surface "skimmers" are gone, "It's probably a fair guess to say we're looking at years, if not tens of years, for all of this stuff to eventually come to the surface."
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Well, the biggest low oxygen "dead zone" in American coastal waters (one of the 5 biggest in the world) starts at the mouth of the Mississippi and extends west along the Gulf coast into Texas, officially covering almost eight thousand square miles of Gulf waters.
ReplyDeleteYou can see a map of the dead zone here:
http://dsc.discovery.com/news/2006/10/20/deadzone_pla_zoom0.html?category=animals&guid=20061020143030
And for reference, here is a map of the location of the Deepwater Horizon:
http://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/File:Deepwater_Horizon_oil_spill_fishing_closure_map_2010-06-21.png
As you can see, the spill location is right on the border of this massive dead zone. Environmentalists have been blowing the whistle on this growing dead zone for over two decades with little to no effect. And even though it is now aggravating the gulf spill in addition to all its other damage, doing something about it would mean going up against and regulating the midwest farming industry.